Here, we summarize the cellular sources of IL-9, focusing principally on T cells. We also describe the main targets of IL-9 in vivo and discuss the downstream effects of IL-9-induced signalling on ...

However, the measurement of sIL-2R is simple compared to the complex story behind this biomarker that has become so central to the study of immune-mediated disease. Why measure soluble interleukin-2 ...

A pleiotropic cytokine central to the regulation of T-cell responses, interleukin 2 (IL-2), plays an essential role in a huge range of other immune modulatory actions. Image Credit: Sino Biological ...

The Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 2 (IL-1RL2) cytokine can promote inflammatory diseases and have a role in controlling infection. The receptor can recognize multiple agonists and has been implicated in ...

A Mayo Clinic investigation of Interleukin-6, a hormone inside cells often considered a "bad actor" of the immune system because of its association with inflammation injuries and malignant ...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a versatile cytokine, plays a pivotal role in immune regulation, inflammatory responses, as well as cell proliferation and differentiation. Produced by a range of cell types ...

Monocyte-derived blood macrophages of untreated patients with Leishmania braziliensis or Leishmania mexicana amazonensis infections show anomalies in their nonspecific immune functions. Their ability ...