Overactive reflexes are associated with upper motor neuron lesions, which are damaged areas of the neural pathway between the cortex and corticospinal tract. However, the condition may also be ...

Hyperrelexic, overactive or spastic bladder or bowels occur with spinal cord injury at or above T12. The primary characteristic of this type of injury is increased organ spasms. The UMN bladder may ...

Motor neuron sends electrical impulses to an effector. Effector produces a response (muscle contracts to move hand away). Organisms are able to modify a reflex action and overcome it, but this ...