The 2022 underwater Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai eruption, one of the most powerful in modern history, reached all the way into ...

Secondary gravity waves emerge as the hidden architects of global-scale thermospheric upheaval following the Tonga eruption in 2022.

The alerts following a massive underwater volcanic eruption near Tonga put local residents on edge. “I was surprised at hearing a siren because I didn’t feel any jolt,” said Taichi Endo ...