Discover why options market data suggests a lower crash risk for U.S. stocks than pundit surveys, and how to optimize asset ...

Abstract: Car manufacturers are required by the European Union to carry out real driving emissions tests as part of the type approval process. Comprehensive regulations define numerous requirements ...

Learn how prior probability informs economic theory and decision-making in Bayesian statistics. Understand its role before collecting new data.

where $l$ and $u$ are the lower and upper probability bounds, while $\phi$ and $\psi$ denote propositional logic formulas. For example the following two sentences ...