For example, when the medulla is active, it initiates breathing. However, messages coming down from the pons actually inhibit activity in the medulla, leading breathing rates to slow down.

A brain circuit connecting the cortex, pons, and medulla coordinates breathing with emotional states. Activating this circuit in mice reduced anxiety and slowed breathing, mimicking mindfulness ...

The pons is a region in the brain stem containing nerve fibers that connect the medulla oblongata to the cerebellum. In individuals with locked-in syndrome, damage to the pons blocks nerve ...

The inner regions of the brain closer to incoming blood flow (pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus) contained consistently higher concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and several ...