At issue is Trump’s invocation of the 18th-century law in March to remove noncitizens labeled as members of the Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua. In his order, Trump proclaimed Tren de Aragua members were “perpetrating,

Judge Andrew Oldham, a Trump appointee, asked if there was any case law that shows you can “second-guess the president of the United States” when the commander in chief says

An appellate panel grilled lawyers about why courts should be able to “second-guess” the president’s deportations in defending the country amid armed conflicts.