May 15, 2025 · To further expand the pre-training data corpus, we first employ the Qwen2.5-VL model (Bai et al., 2025) to perform text recognition on a large volume of PDF-like documents. The …

Why spend much time talking about models? Modeling and simulation could take 80% of control analysis effort. Model is a mathematical representations of a system Models allow simulating and …

Definition 6. A model (or structure) A for a language L is an ordered pair hA; Ii where A is a nonempty set and I is an interpretation function with domain the set of all constant, function and relation …

We opt to train a single native CUA model by distilling from these multi-agent trajectories. This approach allows the model to learn useful behaviors from the multi-agent system, such as multi-step reasoning …

Another recent monograph on model theory is Model Theory by Wilfrid Hodges. This book contains many results and examples that are otherwise only available in journal articles, and gives a very …

There are three intertwined themes in this chapter. First, we introduce you to the design of information structures using the relational model. We shall see that. Tables of information, called “relations,” are …

Model Information Description: Gemini 2.5 Deep Think is an enhanced reasoning model that is part of our Gemini 2.5 family that uses parallel thinking and reinforcement learning to test multiple …

In this paper, these concepts are defined in algebraic terms, using morphisms, functors and natural transformations. It is argued that inference on the basis of a model is not possible unless the model …

provides information needed to plan and coordinate examinations on model risk management, identify deficient practices, and conduct appropriate follow-up. Throughout this booklet, information from the …

We explore building generative neural network models of popular reinforcement learning environments. Our world model can be trained quickly in an unsupervised manner to learn a compressed spatial …